The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each species by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
The atlas provides maps and datasets representing seabirds at-sea densities in eastern Canada. Data were collected using ships of opportunity surveys and therefore spatial and seasonal coverage varies considerably. Densities are computed using distance sampling to adjust for variation in detection rates among observers and survey conditions. Depending on conditions, seabirds can be difficult to identify at the species level.
The density maps present average seabird densities and their percent coefficient of variation per 100km hexagonal cells.
One map was created for each taxonomic groups by periods. Seabird densities were classified using a k-means scheme to ensure areas with the highest densities always clearly standup on each map.
Data on birds at sea were collected by specially trained observers and using distance sampling (Buckland et al 2001). Bird detections were recorded along a 300 m wide transect on one side of the vessel, indicating the distance interval in which they were 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200m, or 200-300 m from the observer. For more details, see Gjerdrum et al. (2012), Bolduc and Desbiens (2010), and Bolduc and Fifield (2017).
https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/ec/CW69-5-515-eng.pdf
Data on birds at sea were collected by specially trained observers and using distance sampling (Buckland et al 2001). Bird detections were recorded along a 300 m wide transect on one side of the vessel, indicating the distance interval in which they were 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200m, or 200-300 m from the observer. For more details, see Gjerdrum et al. (2012), Bolduc and Desbiens (2010), and Bolduc and Fifield (2017).
https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/ec/CW69-5-515-eng.pdf
Data on birds at sea were collected by specially trained observers and using distance sampling (Buckland et al 2001). Bird detections were recorded along a 300 m wide transect on one side of the vessel, indicating the distance interval in which they were 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200m, or 200-300 m from the observer. For more details, see Gjerdrum et al. (2012), Bolduc and Desbiens (2010), and Bolduc and Fifield (2017).
https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/ec/CW69-5-515-eng.pdf
Data on birds at sea were collected by specially trained observers and using distance sampling (Buckland et al 2001). Bird detections were recorded along a 300 m wide transect on one side of the vessel, indicating the distance interval in which they were 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200m, or 200-300 m from the observer. For more details, see Gjerdrum et al. (2012), Bolduc and Desbiens (2010), and Bolduc and Fifield (2017).
https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/ec/CW69-5-515-eng.pdf